Pearls from Stoller Macau April 2011 - 4. Ankle

1. NB: anterior process talus; lateral process calcaneus (snowboarders)
2. Subtalar joint - anterior, middle, posterior facets
3. Lateral gutter -- a 3D space between AITFL/PITFL and ATFL/PTFL
4. Posterior ankle ligaments - Transverse Tib-Fib Lig, PITFL, Tibial Slip, PTFL
5. Anterolateral impingement (soft tissue related to antero-lat gutter) vs Ant. impingement (bony)
6. Soft Tissue Impingement
• Anterolateral (ATFL and  AITFL related to partial or completer tear)
• Syndesmotic
• Posterior (PTFL -- myxoid)
7. Spring (Calcaneonavicular ligament)
• Lateral/Intermediate/Superomedial
• Axial - int. and lat.; slice up - superomedial
• Coronal - next to TP
8. POP Syndrome
• # or displacement of Os peroneum
• Ass. Peroneus Longus Tear
9. Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
• Post. Tibial N. compression
10. 4 Plantar Muscles -  (Med) Ab. Hallucis, Fl. Dig. Brevis, Quadratus Plantae, Ab. Digiti Minimi
11. Subtalar ligaments
• subtalar interosseus - medial (coronal)
• cervical - lateral and anterior (coronal and sag)
• intermediate root extensor retinaculum - post. to cervical (sag)
12. OLT Stages
13. Tennis Leg - ruptured crura; fascia